Android smartphone owners in India use shopping apps, news apps and mobile websites a lot more than their American counterparts. But one thing is common to both countries: Facebook Inc. owns two of the top three apps in terms of time spent per month.

These are some of numerous insights from exclusive data about one of the most important battlegrounds for global app developers. Both Eastern and Western companies are vying with local firms for a share of India, which someday will become one of the most important markets for mobile Internet businesses.